Using X-Rays to Diagnose Dental Problems

X-rays are a vital aspect to dental diagnosis and treatment. Many potentially injurious conditions would go undetected were it not for the regular utilization of X-rays. Modern X-ray film, equipment and technique make dental radiation safe and effective tools to ensure optimal dental health.

For example, an X-ray of a patient who hasn't been to a dentist in two years can reveal a build-up of tartar (calculus). The calculus is visible on the X-ray as wisps or thorns projecting from the sides of the teeth underneath the gums where you cannot see them. These “thorns of calculus” are a major cause of puffy and bleeding gums (gingivitis), which leads to bone loss and periodontal disease. A dental prophylaxis (cleaning) can make your teeth brighter and squeaky clean once again!

Necrotic Tooth -- A Tooth in Which the Pulp (Nerve Chamber) Has Died

Though many teeth which die do not discolor, a dark purple area of a tooth seen on an X-ray indicates that the pulp of the tooth has died, likely due to a cavity or other trauma. Such a tooth needs root canal therapy or other treatment in a timely manner to prevent extensive infection and abscess.

Once a tooth has died, it tends to become brittle and will eventually break down without proper treatment from your dentist. Since the tooth has died, it may not feel sensitive to the patient and is often ignored. As a dentist, I routinely see patients who have broken off the entire crown of a necrotic tooth! Though the tooth may still be saved after it has broken off, unfavorable fractures may require extraction.

A dark shadow around the root of a tooth indicates a tooth abscess (infection) or other pathology.